People and Groups in the Roman History of Ammianus Marcellinus

Person or Group Name	Role or Occupation	Key Actions and Events	Geographic Location	Historical Period or Date	Outcome or Fate (Inferred)	Source
Constantius II	Emperor	Passed winter at Arles; celebrated 30th year of reign; ordered widespread arrests and executions of suspected traitors.	Arles / Sirmium	A.D. 353-361	Died of fever	1
Julian (the Apostate)	Caesar / Emperor	Invested as Caesar; won battle of Strasburg; proclaimed Augustus by Gallic legions; led expedition into Persia.	Gaul / Paris / Mesopotamia / Persia	A.D. 355-363	Slain in battle	1
Valentinian I	Emperor	Elected Emperor after death of Jovian; shared power with brother Valens; fortified the Rhine; died while addressing ambassadors.	Nicea / Gaul / Pannonia	A.D. 364-375	Died of a burst blood vessel	1
Valens	Emperor	Appointed Emperor of the East; warred against Goths; killed at the Battle of Hadrianople.	Constantinople / Thrace / Hadrianople	A.D. 364-378	Slain in battle / burnt to death	1
Jovian	Emperor	Elected after Julian; signed treaty surrendering Nisibis; died suddenly at Dadastana.	Persia / Dadastana	A.D. 363-364	Died suddenly in sleep	1
Gallus Caesar	Caesar	Exceeded bounds of power and committed atrocities; investigated for treason; recalled to Italy by Constantius.	Antioch	A.D. 353	Beheaded	1
Ursicinus	Governor of Nisibis / Master of the horse	Summoned to investigate Gallus; commanded to suppress the revolt of Silvanus; eventually ordered into retirement.	Nisibis / Gaul / Mesopotamia	A.D. 353-360	Retired	1
Silvanus	Commander of the infantry	Forced into rebellion by forged letters and court intrigue; assumed title of Emperor at Cologne.	Cologne (Agrippina)	A.D. 355	Slain by soldiers	1
Constantina	Queen	Wife of Gallus Caesar; stimulated his natural ferocity and encouraged cruel punishments; died of a sudden fever in Bithynia.	Bithynia	A.D. 354	Died of natural causes	1
Thalassius	Prefect of the palace	Opposed and reproved Gallus; informed Augustus of Gallus's actions.	Antioch	A.D. 353	Died of natural causes	1
Paulus	Secretary (The Chain)	Sent to Britain to arrest officers; known for fabricating accusations; orchestrated the death of Martinus.	Britain / Spain	A.D. 353	Executed (burnt alive)	1
Martinus	Deputy-governor	Governed British provinces; attempted to protect the innocent from Paulus; committed suicide after attacking Paulus.	Britain	A.D. 353	Suicide	1
Domitianus	Prefect	Sent to summon Gallus to Italy; insulted Gallus and was arrested and murdered by soldiers.	Antioch	A.D. 354	Executed by soldiers	1
Montius	Quæstor	Attempted to dissuade soldiers from illegal acts; dragged through streets and killed by soldiers.	Antioch	A.D. 354	Executed by soldiers	1
Theophilus	Consular governor of Syria	Blamed by Gallus for grain scarcity; torn to pieces by a mob in Antioch.	Syria / Antioch	A.D. 353	Slain by mob	1
Clematius	Noble citizen	Executed following a fatal warrant procured by his mother-in-law via the Queen.	Alexandria	A.D. 353	Executed	1
Orfitus	Prefect of Rome	Governed during wine scarcity seditions; acted with insolence.	Rome	A.D. 353	Not in source	1
Isaurians	Tribal group	Engaged in a formidable war; ravaged the sea coast and Lycaonia; attempted to storm Seleucia.	Isauria	A.D. 353	Retreated into mountain recesses	1
Saracens	Tribal group	Engaged in predatory incursions; plundered countries using swift horses and camels.	Nile region / Eastern frontier	A.D. 353	Continued wandering / migration	1
Nohodares	Persian noble	Appointed to invade Mesopotamia; intended to attack Batne but was betrayed by his own men.	Mesopotamia	A.D. 353	Retired without achieving goal	1

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